Accession No
5389
Brief Description
slide rule in plastic with a magnifying attachment, by Aristo, German, 20th Century
Origin
Germany
Maker
Aristo
Class
calculating
Earliest Date
1960
Latest Date
1975
Inscription Date
Material
plastic; metal
Dimensions
length 337mm; width 48mm; height with attachment 37mm
Special Collection
Provenance
Donated on 17/05/1999.
Inscription
on lower stock left side
“ARISTO-STUDIO”
on slide
“ARISTO
Nr.968
MADE IN GERMANY”
Description Notes
ARISTO STUDIO 968 slide rule in plastic with a magnifying attachment, 20th Century. Plastic cursor moves along scale; black central line for index itself. Two further black lines to the left and right of centre line equal distance apart and one other line on right side. Plastic and metal clipped attachment (can be removed) to magnify the index line and numbers on the rule. Rubber feet to prevent movement whilst on desk.
Upper part of stock carries
tangent scale marked ‘T’ divided 5.5 to 45, numbered 5.5,6,7...20,25,30...45;
co-tangent scale reading right to left, marked ‘ctg’ divided 50 to 80, numbered 50, 55...80; sine and tangent scale for small angles marked ‘ST’ divided .55 to 6, numbered .55, .6, .7...1, 1.5...3,4...6; folded scale marked ‘DF’ (also present on the slide marked ‘CF’) divided 3 to 3, numbered 3π, 4, 5...9, 1, 1, 2,3...2, 3π;
Slide carries reciprocal of principal scale marked ‘CIF’ reading right to left, divided 3 to 3, numbered 3π, 4, 5...9, 1, 1, 2,3...2, 3π; reciprocal of principal scale marked ‘CI’ divided 1 or 1[0] to 1[0] or [00] etc numbered 1, 1, 2, 3, 4,...2, 3, 4...9, 1;
double log scale marked ‘C’ (and also on lower stock marked as ‘D’) divided 1 or 1[0] to 1[0] or [00] etc numbered 1, 2, 3, 4...2, 3, 4...9, 1;
Lower stock carries scale marked ‘P’ divided 0.995 to 0, numbered .995, .99, .98....9, .8, .7....2, 0; sine scale marked ‘S’ divided 5.5 to 90, numbered 5.5, 6, 7...20, 25, 30, 25...40, 50...90; cosine scale on lower edge, divided 10 to 80 numbered 10, 20...40, 45...80;
reverse upper stock carries log scales run concurrently across three lines scale marked ‘LL03’ divided 10¯5 to .4 numbered 10¯5, 2, 5, 10¯4...10¯2, .02, .04....1, .15, .2....4; scale marked ‘LL02’ divided .35 to .91 numbered .35, .4, .45....9, .91; scale marked ‘LL01’ divided .9 to .99 numbered .9, .91....95, .955....99;
double log scale marked ‘A’ (also present on the slide marked ‘B’) divided
reverse slide carries scale marked ‘L’ common log scale divided .0 to 1, numbered .0, .1...1.0; cube scale numbered 1, 2, 3,...1, 2, 3,...1, 2, 3...1; log scale marked ‘C’ (also present on slide as ‘D’) numbered 1, 2, 3...2, 3, 4....1;
lower stock carries log scales run concurrently across three lines scale marked ‘LL3’ divided 1.01 to 1.11 numbered 1.01, 1.015, 1.02...1.05, 1.06...1.11; scale marked ‘LL2’ divided 1.1 to 3 numbered 1.1, 1.12, 1.14...1.2, 1.25...1.4, 1.5...2, 2.5, 3; scale marked ‘LL1’ divided 2.5 to 10¯5 numbered 2.5, e, 3, 4,...10, 15,20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10¯3...10¯4, 2, 5, 10¯5 ;
Condition good
References
Events
Description
This instrument is a cylindrical slide rule, a variation on the most common type, also shown in this drawer, and described below.
Developed during the seventeenth century, the modern slide rule is based upon the design by William Oughtred (circa 1630). It is one of many calculation devices that is based on the logarithmic scale, a calculation method invented in 1614 by John Napier.
Before the rise of the pocket electronic calculator in the 1970s, the slide rule was the most common tool for calculation used in science and engineering. It was used for multiplication and division, and in some cases also for ‘scientific’ functions like trigonometry, roots and logs, but not usually for addition and subtraction.
A logarithm transforms the operations of multiplication and division to addition and subtraction according to the rules log(xy) = log(x) + log(y) and log(x/y) = log(x) - log(y). The slide rule places movable logarithmic scales side by side so that the logarithms of two numbers can be easily added or subtracted from one another. This much simplifies the alternative process of looking up logs in a table, thus greatly simplifying otherwise challenging multiplications and divisions. To multiply, for example, you place the start of the second scale at the log of the first number you are multiplying, then find the log of the second number you are multiplying on the second scale, and see what number it is next to on the first scale.
FM:45749
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